Internal Medicine Essay Example

Internal Medicine Paper Every person has a distinct definition of success that differs from the perspective of others. For some, success is a word that is closely attributed to being famous and earning a lot of money; for others, it is a word used to having a high position in the company that they are working for. Personally, I define success as being able to accomplish what is tasked of me and at the same manner, being able to contribute to the society in my own little way. The lesser the fame, the better. This sounds surreal, but it is true. My name is (insert your name here) and I am looking forward to studying at (insert name of school here). I am a person full of conviction and passion in this field because I wanted to serve people in the society. I love giving back the knowledge and expertise that I have to those people who really needed my assistance. Stepping a level in this field of will surely make me achieve those goals. At a very young age, I was able to realize the importance and the power of medicine. Looking back on my younger years, I met an accident when I was four as me and my brother walks across the street. I was struck by the fender of an Oldsmobile and fractured my femur. We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Medicine specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Medicine specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Medicine specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It took several months before I was able to recover from such experience. But then I came to understand more about life and how one should value medicines power to heal. My personal experiences and academic background made me learn the importance of Internal Medicine in every society. I graduated from (insert name of your previous school). Being a student, I am really fascinated in Science subjects and drew more interest about the human mind and body when I went to college. Whenever I rotate on the wards, I see how important medicine is in the treatment sand recovery of patients. I was keenly aware of the gravity and importance of a healthcare teams work. This is my passion and upon seeing myself years from now, I feel overwhelmed and blessed of what I can do for others. Once I reach such position I will also do my best to build rapport to patients so that they will refer me to other friends and relatives. Having a good relationship with your patients is necessary in order for the problem to be solved immediately. Aside from that, I believe that I am competent enough in studying more about Internal Medicine which will help me in my future endeavors. I wanted to bring back the glory not only by educating my patients but also by teaching students of all ages outside of the hospital. In my college statistics course, for example, I took it upon myself to tutor students that were struggling with the material. Many had taken the course already and failed, but after working together each student I helped got a B or above. Fulfilled by this chance to give back to the community, I took on more tutoring work, specializing in students who came from poorer schools. I found this work even more stimulating than my research, because of the personal bonds I formed with my students. The communication skills I developed through teaching will serve me well as a resident and throughout my career. My greatest asset though is my heartfelt desire to provide medical help for those in need. Choosing to study in this respectable institution will ease the path towards brighter opportunities in the future for me. I believe that this university is capable of making students the best among the rest in giving nursing services. It has wide array of educational resources and expert professors that will hone promising students like me. I believe that my passion and my hard work will give me a reputable place in the profession. I believe that this is the right time to step to another level of my life. I am a very optimistic, sincere, dedicated, enthusiastic, compassionate and hard working person and I believe that these qualities will made me reach the top of the ladder in the future. Physical medicine and Rehabilitation Always reach for the star. That is my ultimate goal in life. Personal experiences gave me learning and responsibilities that molded me to be what I am now. My endeavor in life that I wished to happen at the right time comes with great purpose. I am confident that being admitted in your institution has the capability of making students to stretch beyond the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation degree. I take one step at a time to manage my skills in a way that will lead to further enhancement and development. Life is a roller coaster and there are certain events where my abilities are put into test which later on taught me how strong I should be. I met an accident when I was four years old. That accident which fractured my femur made me understand the importance of this field of medicine. Ever since, I have wanted a career in which I too can help people achieve optimum function when recovering from similar experiences. I know firsthand that rehabilitation can be difficult, and I am committed to helping others regain dreams that seem lost. My third year of studies in (insert name of your medical school here), I experienced surgery and internal medicine rotations which enticed me to pursue physical medicine and rehabilitation. I want more exposure in dealing with cases of PM R. during the two PMR elective rotations I have at Elmhurst Hospital, we are immersed clinically, we are able to observe and rationalize for ourselves what the needs of the people for this specific time are. At the same time, it helps us to predict whatever it is that we need to accomplish in order for us to prevent certain dilemmas. Having those experiences like helping patients walk after surgery or move their limbs when in a rigid state would also help us to be more aware and careful of the lines that may be drawn while trying to accomplish the desired goals. I am keenly aware of the gravity and importance of a healthcare teams work. As such, I try to remain a consummate professional while achieving an intimate rapport with patients. I am careful in explaining treatments and diagnosis since I firmly believe that each patient has a unique individual story that drives me to work harder. Life is a give and take process and just as I enjoy educating patients about their health, I also find satisfaction in teaching students of all ages outside of the hospital. One example of this is my college statistics course; I tutored students that were struggling with the material that they have. Majority had taken the course already and failed, but after aiding those students they got B grades or above. I developed my communication skills through teaching and this will serve me well as a resident and throughout my career. In addition to my ability to listen and convey ideas clearly, I have a flair for solving complex problems. I also pride myself in my ability to get along well with others. I thrive when doing group work in service of a higher cause. Going to school in Grenada, for example, when a hurricane devastated the island, I immediately volunteered for GR3Grenada Relief, Recovery. Partnering with Humanity International, wse built temporary homes. The labor was demanding, but I enjoyed working as part of a team, and the results of our labor more than justified the effort. I am seeking a residency program that will provide a solid foundation in the clinical practice of rehabilitation medicine. In addition to structured training, I look forward to working with a diverse population in multiple facilities. My ideal learning environment will encourage close patient interaction. After my residency, I plan to continue my education with fellowship training in musculoskeletal or sports medicine. Eventually, I aspire to a career in clinical medicine with opportunities to do clinical research. I am passionate about restoring human function to those in needs, and am eager to acquire the vast amount of medical knowledge necessary to do so. Surgery Personal Statement Some say that life is filled with a lot of disappointments. There are disappointments that can normally make or break somebodys life. With the experiences that one has, it is sometimes unavoidable that they try and give up on everything, especially when they feel that their world has crumbled down on them. According to Denis Didero, an 18th Century French Philosopher, â€Å"only passions, great passions, can elevate the soul to great things†. Hearing about this saying made me realize that life is not as bad as it may seem. It made me realized that there is more to life than what you can see and do. I always have this inclination to activities that requires dexterity and advanced critical and analytical reasoning. As a kid, I used my nimble fingers to assemble everything from bikes and model cars to computers, and when I began medical school I was eager to use this manual agility to help others in life or death matters. It seemed miraculous that I literally held the power to heal in my hands, and I knew I wanted to devote the rest of my life to surgery. At our early age, we tend to migrate to the fact that life becomes more and more realistic as we get older. The usual things that make us smile and be proud of ourselves tend to change as we go on and experience new and exciting things. I for one, am a very dedicated student and a very loving child to my parents. I love the adventure and the thrill of discovering new ideas everyday. Reaching out and helping other people to the best of my ability, has always been one of my greatest passions. I cant stand the sight of having someone fall down and not have anyone to help them out. Even as a young kid, I have always been searching for relevant answers as to why and how certain things happen to older people. As the perseverant type determined to succeed, I soon find answers to all of my queries. My love and solid appreciation for the gravity of a surgeons work. It made me more motivated to go out of this world and help people in my own way. I believe that being able to devote my specialization in this field will help me grow as a person and fulfill my dreams. With a solid appreciation for the gravity of a surgeons work, I remained devoted to the specialty throughout medical school. I assisted in 27 surgeries in this time, each of which involved meticulous care in the handling of scalpels and laparascopes. As I developed these technical skills, I also strived to improve my personal interactions with patients. I worked to achieve an intimate rapport with each patient, and was careful to explain each treatment and diagnosis thoroughly. Each patients individual story drove me to work harder. Fulfilled by this chance to give back to the community, I took on more tutoring work, specializing in students who came from poorer schools. I found this work even more stimulating than my research, because of the personal bonds I formed with my students. The communication skills I developed through teaching will serve me well as a resident and throughout my career. In addition to my ability to listen and convey ideas clearly, I have a flair for solving complex problems. I also pride myself in my ability to get along well with others. I thrive when doing group work in service of a higher cause. Going to school in Grenada, for example, when a hurricane devastated the island, I immediately volunteered for GR3Grenada Relief, Recovery. Partnering with Humanity International, we built temporary homes. The labor was demanding, but I enjoyed working as part of a team, and the results of our labor more than justified the effort. I know that being able to fulfill my dreams entails a lot from ones end. Sacrifices have to be made, and this means that I have to be more determined than ever to succeed. My greatest asset though is my heartfelt desire to provide medical help for those in need. After my residency, I plan on balancing a primarily clinical career with research and teaching opportunities. I know I will enjoy all of the work I do to promote greatest physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing in patients. My dreams are just a few years away from me—and it is up to your good institution to help me fulfill that dream for me to become a complete person..

Antiwarriors essays

Antiwarriors essays Antiwarriors: The Vietnam War And The Battle For America's Hearts And Minds. By Melvin Small. (Wilmington, DE, Scholarly Resources Inc, 2002. pp. 163). The antiwar movement during the Vietnam Conflict was the most effective and long lasting of all the antiwar movements in American history. Up to that point, no other war has generated as much anarchy as much as Johnson's and Nixon's decisions to battle in Vietnam did. "Although never able to create enough pressure on decision makers to end U.S. involvement in the war, it served as a major constraint on their abilities to escalate...In many ways, the movement's greatest importance was its legacy." (1) There are still many unanswered questions revolving around this movement and its lasting effects though. How did it get to be as effective as it did? What were its lasting effects that can still be felt today? Who did the movement actually benefit at the time? All of these questions have two sides to them and may not be able to be answered from both sides at this point in history, but Melvin Small's "Antiwarriors" attempts to answer these questions. "Antiwarriors" is divided into nine chapters. Chapter one describes the origins of the people involved in the movement as well as the general reasons for different groups getting involved. The second chapter outlines the Americanization of the war and where, when, and to what extent the movement began and the exact reason why. The next two chapters chronicle the rise of the movement in relation to the escalating battles and deaths involving Americans overseas in what seems to be a war America need not be involved in. Chapters five and six both illustrate the ways the movement tried to pressure the presidents directly, with the main difference in those chapters being chapter five was involving President Johnson while chapter six involved President Nixon. Chapters seven and eight experienced and decline in battles with the Communis...

British petrolioum case study for corporate goverance & ethics course

British petrolioum for corporate goverance & ethics course - Case Study Example (BP) has approximately 80,000 workers and produces roughly 3.8 million barrels of natural gas as well as crude oil, with revenue of around 386 billion. This attests that indeed the BP is one of the largest multinational corporations. However, it is not a stranger to some of the environmental hazards and over the past years, it has found itself in various unethical cases and decisions that have damaged its reputation (Warren, 2012). The goal of any organisation is to maximise profits and its activities ought to be accepted by the society. However, some firms focus on making profits without caring about the interest of the society; hence, resulting to the businesses making ethical dilemmas. The British Petroleum has been involved in various scandals such as the 2005 explosion, which has had a major impact on the stakeholders and has raised important corporate social responsibility questions. The BP has various ethical obligations such as ensuring that they provide the consumers with the right products, conducting honest transactions with the suppliers, guaranteeing safety, and complying with the stipulated environmental laws among others (Mauer & Tinsley, 2010). However, following its unethical practices, it has failed to live up to its expectations. Therefore, it is imperative to deliberate on some of the scandals that it has been involved in and their impact. The BP has faced difficult decisions in the past that has damaged its reputation. The company had a social responsibility towards the society but because of its unregulated safety measures, it failed. It is obvious that it took decisions and risks that were not socially reasonable and its culture of safety was compromised and focused more on maximising profits rather than caring about the wellbeing of the people. It also came up with unreasonable measures to ensure safety such as cutting on the costs and failing to invest; hence, leading to grave safety issues (Richard Ivey School of Business, 2008). This

Training teachers to produce software program and using in their Thesis Proposal

Training teachers to produce software program and using in their classes - Thesis Proposal Example Additional research has demonstrated that 53% of the aspiring teachers who participated believed that they had confidence in their software programming skills in the classroom (Yost et al. 2003). Studies have shown that 50% of all educational professionals apply software educational material in the learning environment. The application of computer aids differs from educational locations. In some locations, the instructor application of software programming approaches 100%. In other locations the instructor application of software programming is nil. Many instructors attribute this deficiency to time constraints, economic constraints and deficiency in instructor preparation (Education World n.d.). The instructor application of software has been proven to increase student’s ability in quantifiable courses. The instructor application of the software programming has yet to be proven to enhance the students’ skills in social studies, language and the arts. Research has demonstrated that software programming consists of various levels which may be assessed distinctively. These implementations may be applied with varying levels of success to quantitative and graphic courses (Roschelle et al. 2001). There are courses which provide effective lesson administration and enable aspiring teachers to aggregate interactive classroom participation in the lesson plan. Those desiring to become educators may acquire the software programming skills in order to properly administrate the lesson plans and connect items to an assortment of web based resources. The web based resources may apply visual and auditory aids in order to facilitate classroom instruction. Aspiring teachers may acquire or enhance software programming ability by the following implementations: The integration of software programs in the classroom by the aspiring teachers

Network design paper Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Network design paper - Coursework Example RIP is nominated by IETF as one of various other Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs). RIP works on distance learning vector algorithms while most of other protocols use sophisticated algorithms demanding time as well. (Dean, 2010, p. 274-275) RIP’s routing procedure is that its gateway router transmits complete information of routing table (that includes all the connected hops that are known to the gateway) to its nearest host after every 30 seconds. The neighboring router than pass the same information to its nearest neighbor other than from which it had received this information and process continues until every routers in the network has similar information of the routing paths. This condition is what we called network convergence. For determining distance of the network RIP uses process called hop count. Every hop in the network determines its neighboring hop(s) from routing table information for sending a packet to for a particular destination. Advantages of using RIP in th e network are: For small homogeneous networks RIP is considered as an effective solution. RIP is very easy to understand and configuring. It can be configured on all the routers present. Generally RIP is a loop free routing protocol but has limited scalability of around 15 hop maximum. Introduction to OSPF: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol implemented within large autonomous networks. OSPF is nominated by IETF as one of various other Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs). In a network where OSPF is used, if a router that receives a change in the routing table or identifies a modification in the network without delay multicasts this change information to every other host connected in the network with the intention that every host may have the similar information in the routing table. It only transmits the change that has occurred, not the entire routing table like RIP. It is a robust link-state routing protocol and is the most widely used Interior Gateway Protocol (I GP). It bases information on link-states that take additional network description into consideration. OSPF have functionality of prioritizing the path by assigning metric value to that path. For further dividing the subnets OSPF supports a variable network subnet mask. Advantages of using OSPF in the network are: Quickly responds to the network changes. Sends trigger updates when change occurs in the network. Use cost as metric for giving preference to the paths. It has protocol identifier of 89 in the IP address for OSPF packet identification. Summarizing the solution: As being the administrator of the company and as per the details given to me I know that my network running is RIP on it and has three networks while the merging company has one OSPF running network that means RIP networks outnumber the OSPF network so I do not prefer to change anything on my own network. For example if someone is the administrator of Windows server based sites and a new company is merging having Lin ux operating system. Although everyone knows that Linux has more advantages than windows but still would not feel easy to change my operating system. If to choose change than should also keep in mind that new Service-Level-Agreements, new suppliers, new business processes, new interfaces, etc and staff training as well. Why to this everything is running smoothly already. Our solution could have been a different if and

Communication: Theory, Forms and Parameters

Communication: Theory, Forms and Parameters RINSON MAMMEN THEORIES FORMS AND PARAMETERS OF COMMUNICATION Theories of communication Actor-Network Theory suggests that human and non-human factors are equally influential in the success of technological innovation and scientific knowledge-creation. The theory looks at how networks are formed and how these networks contribute to these successes. It suggests that no one person or thing is solely responsible for these advancements. Therefore, both an actor and a network are responsible for achieving these outcomes. Adaptive Structuration Theory (AST) Groups and organizations create rules and resources which are defined as structures. These structures form social systems which develop a life of their own. The quality of the structure affects decision making, and decisions also affect the structure. Agenda Setting Theory: Agenda Setting Theory states that mass media organizations determine what the general population considers newsworthy by deciding how much attention a news story receives. The term salience transfer is commonly used and refers to the ability of the media to transfer their agendas onto the public. Cognitive Dissonance Theory: Cognitive Dissonance is the psychological conflict that results from holding two contradictory or incompatible beliefs or attitudes. For example, one can like a person, but disapprove of their habits. The theory suggests that a person looks for balance in their beliefs. Therefore, in order to reduce dissonance, one will avoid hearing opposing viewpoints or change their beliefs to match their actions. Communication Accommodation Theory: Communication Accommodation Theory describes when people accommodate or adjust their communication styles to others. These changes in verbal and nonverbal styles are done through two ways: divergence and convergence. Divergence is used to highlight group identity through touting the differences of the group they identify with. Divergence is often used by groups with strong ethnic or racial pride. Convergence is used more often by powerless individuals for social approval and focuses on matching the communication styles of the person with whom they are speaking to. Cultivation Theory: Cultivation Theory argues media shapes a persons sense of reality. Because many acquire information through mediated sources rather than direct experience, their world view becomes influenced by these sources. For example, Cultivation Theory suggests that people who would be defined as heavy television viewers see the world as more violent that it actually is. Face Negotiation Theory: Face Negotiation Theory highlights conflict style differences between collectivist and individualistic cultures. Collectivist cultures place value on the group and therefore adopt a conflict style of avoiding or integrating to give others mutual face. Individualistic cultures place value on the individual and in an attempt to protect self-face, they adopt a dominating conflict style. Hypodermic Needle Theory: The Hypodermic Needle Theory, also known as the ‘magic bullet’ theory, says the media has a powerful and direct effect on audiences by ‘injecting’ them with messages. The Hypodermic Needle Theory no longer carries the respect it once did since its accuracy was found to be questionable. Muted Group Theory: Muted Group Theory states that because language is man-made women remain reduced and excluded. Because words and norms have been created by men, women are disadvantaged in public. As women become less muted and more vocal, the dominant position of males in society will diminish. Social Exchange Theory: Social Exchange Theory posits an ‘economic’ exchange for in interpersonal relationships. Meaning, the relationships is enhanced by satisfying each others self-interest. In this theory, self-interest is not regarded as a bad thing, but rather as a concept that builds the relationship. Social Learning Theory: Social Learning Theory argues that people learn from each other through observing, imitating, and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Social learning theory explains how human behavior can be shaped by continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, an environmental influences. Social Penetration Theory: Social Penetration Theory looks at how superficial relationships evolve to intimate relationships. The theory states it is a gradual evolution due primarily to self-disclosure between parties. But, while this self-disclosure can be effective in creating intimate relationships, it can also leave one or more persons vulnerable. Standpoint Theory: Standpoint Theory claims that each person is seated in a different rank among the social hierarchy. Because of this, each person views the social climate from a different vantage point, which only provides a small look at the social whole. But the theory also claims that those who are lower on the social ladder tend to have a greater understanding of the social whole, rather than those higher up. Symbolic Interactionism Theory: Symbolic Interaction Theory suggests that the concept of self is created by three principles: 1) Meaning: that we act towards and things according to the meanings we apply to them. 2) Language: that we negotiate meaning through symbols. 3) Thought: that thought modifies our interpretations. Symbolic interactionism implies that without communication there would be no self concept. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB): Theory of Planned Behavior is the same as Theory of Reasoned Action in that it says personal attitudinal judgments and social-normative considerations influence a person’s intentions to perform a behavior, but TPB adds a third element: perceived behavioral control. This element being the perception of how easy or difficult it is to perform the behavior. Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) Theory of Reasoned Action looks at how behaviors can be influenced by influencing a person’s intentions. TRA states that two main factors tell a person whether or not to perform a behavior: 1) personal attitudinal judgments: the evaluation of the action; and, 2) social-normative considerations: what one believes others think they should do. Uncertainty Reduction Theory: Uncertainty Reduction Theory states that when strangers meet, their primary goal is to reduce levels of uncertainty. Uncertainty meaning, being unsure of how to behave (or how the other person will behave), and unsure of what to think of the other person. For example, if they like the person or do not like the person. According to this theory, they will use communication to reduce this uncertainty. Uses and Gratifications Theory: The Uses and Gratifications Theory assumes audiences actively seek out media to satisfy individual needs. With this assumption, the Uses and Gratifications Theory looks to answer three questions: what do people do with the media, what are their underlying motives for using said media, and what are the pros and cons of this individual media use Different Forms of Communication Verbal Communication Verbal communication includes sounds, words, language and speaking. Language is said to have originated from sounds and gestures. There are many languages spoken in the world. The basis of language formation are: gender, class, profession, geographical area, age group and other social elements. Speaking is an effective way of communicating and is again classified into two types viz. interpersonal communication and public speaking. Good verbal communication is an inseparable part of business communication. In a business, you come across people from various ages, cultures and races. Fluent verbal communication is essential, to deal with people in business meetings. Also, in business communication self-confidence plays a vital role which when clubbed with fluent communication skills can lead to success. Public speaking is another verbal communication in which you have to address a group of people. Preparing for an effective speech before you start is important. In public speaking, the speech must be prepared according to the type of audience you are going to face. The content of your speech should be authentic and you must have enough information on the topic you have chosen for public speaking. All the main points in your speech must be highlighted and these points should be delivered in the correct order. There are many public speaking techniques and these techniques must be practiced for an effective speech. Non-Verbal Communication Non-verbal communication involves physical ways of communication, like, tone of the voice, touch, smell and body motion. Creative and aesthetic non-verbal communication includes singing, music, dancing and sculpturing. Symbols and sign language are also included in non-verbal communication. Body language is a non-verbal way of communication. Body posture and physical contact convey a lot of information. Body posture matters a lot when you are communicating verbally to someone. Folded arms and crossed legs are some of the signals conveyed by a body posture. Physical contact, like, shaking hands, pushing, patting and touching expresses the feeling of intimacy. Facial expressions, gestures and eye contact are all different ways of communication. Reading facial expressions can help you know a person better. Written Communication Written communication is writing the words which you want to communicate. Good written communication is essential for business purposes. Written communication is practiced in many different languages. E-mails, reports, articles and memos are some of the ways of using written communication in business. The written communication can be edited and amended many times before it is communicated to the second party to whom the communication is intended. This is one of the main advantages of using writing as the major means of communication in business activity. Written communication is used not only in business but also for informal communication purposes. Mobile SMS is an example of informal written communication. Visual communication The last type of communication is the visual communication. Visual communication is visual display of information, like topography, photography, signs, symbols and designs. Television and video clips are the electronic form of visual communication. Effective communication is essential for the success of any type of business. Informally too, nothing can be achieved without proper communication. Therefore, developing communicative skills is a must. One must understand that all the four types of communication are equally important and one must develop communicative skills in all the mediums. Communicative media is growing day by day to ensure clarity and to eliminate the ambiguity in communication. Different Parameters in communication Many definitions describe communication as a transfer of information, thoughts or ideas to create shared understanding between a sender and a receiver. The information may be written or spoken, professional or social, personal or impersonal to name a few possibilities. Basically, the communication process involves a sender, receiver, message, channel and feedback. However, this simplistic description significantly under-represents what can actually be a very complex process. Click here for a brief overview of the communication process. Essential issues to be aware of in any communication situation are: Content refers to the actual words or symbols of the message that are known as language the spoken and written words combined into phrases that make grammatical sense. Importantly, we all use and interpret the meanings of words differently, so even simple messages can be misunderstood. And many words have different meanings to confuse the issue even more. Process refers to the way the message is delivered the nonverbal elements in speech such as the tone of voice, the look in the sender’s eyes, body language, hand gestures and state of emotions (anger, fear, uncertainty, confidence, etc.) that can be detected. The non-verbals that we use often cause messages to be misunderstood as we tend to believe what we see more than what we hear. Indeed, we often trust the accuracy of nonverbal behaviors more than verbal behaviors. A well-known UCLA study found that only around 7% of the meaning of spoken communication came from words alone, 55% came from facial expression and 38% came from the way the words were said. Context refers to the situation or environment in which your message is delivered. Important contextual factors that can subtly influence the effectiveness of a message include the physical environment (eg. a patient’s bedside, ward office, quiet room etc.), cultural factors (e.g. international cultures, organizational cultures and so on) and developmental factors (e.g. first, second or third year student, experience in similar clinical settings, stage of the practicum etc.). The goal of communication between a sender and a receiver is understanding of the message being sent. Anything that interferes with this can be referred to as ‘noise’. Communication noise can influence our interpretation of messages and significantly affect our perception of interactions with others. Many definitions describe communication as a transfer of information, thoughts or ideas to create shared understanding between a sender and a receiver. The information may be written or spoken, professional or social, personal or impersonal to name a few possibilities. Basically, the communication process involves a sender, receiver, message, channel and feedback. However, this simplistic description significantly under-represents what can actually be a very complex process. Click here for a brief overview of the communication process. Essential issues to be aware of in any communication situation are: Content refers to the actual words or symbols of the message that are known as language the spoken and written words combined into phrases that make grammatical sense. Importantly, we all use and interpret the meanings of words differently, so even simple messages can be misunderstood. And many words have different meanings to confuse the issue even more. Process refers to the way the message is delivered the nonverbal elements in speech such as the tone of voice, the look in the sender’s eyes, body language, hand gestures and state of emotions (anger, fear, uncertainty, confidence, etc.) that can be detected. The non-verbals that we use often cause messages to be misunderstood as we tend to believe what we see more than what we hear. Indeed, we often trust the accuracy of nonverbal behaviors more than verbal behaviors. A well-known UCLA study found that only around 7% of the meaning of spoken communication came from words alone, 55% came from facial expression and 38% came from the way the words were said. Context refers to the situation or environment in which your message is delivered. Important contextual factors that can subtly influence the effectiveness of a message include the physical environment (eg. a patient’s bedside, ward office, quiet room etc.), cultural factors (eg. international cultures, organisational cultures and so on) and developmental factors (eg. first, second or third year student, experience in similar clinical settings, stage of the practicum etc.). The goal of communication between a sender and a receiver is understanding of the message being sent. Anything that interferes with this can be referred to as ‘noise’. Communication noise can influence our interpretation of messages and significantly affect our perception of interactions with others Basic parameters of the communication system. a) Bandwidth b) Transmit Power c) Signal to Noise Ratio a) Bandwidth Bandwidth is defined as the range of frequencies required to represent original signal in time domain. This is the simplest definition of bandwidth. As being engineer well use more technical definition of bandwidth which is :- A ring of frequencies that falls in the amplitude of first and last by 3dB and 70% of energy left. Some important points relating bandwidth are:- i) Rate of Transmission of data is directly proportional to bandwidth i.e wider the bandwidth more data will flow . ii) With wider bandwidth, there are less collisions and errors are minimum. iii) The bandwidth is chosen after detailed analysis which is enough for data to be transmitted.This precaution is taken to avoid addition of noise since with the wider bandwidth thermal noise increases. Hence thermal noise is directly proportional to bandwidth. b) Transmit Power As the name suggests that it is the power required for transmission. Transmission power plays an important role due to its duality. The increase in transmission power reduces the noise. Secondly information is transmitted more accurately and precisely. Usually binary (0,1) level transmission is done just to save transmission power. For example if we are going to transmit 4 bits of information within 2 levels, 2 bits will be transmitted in one pulse width hence bandwidth will be two pulses. Suppose we transmit this in 4 levels , one pulse having one bit then transmit power will increase very fast which makes it more expensive system. Just to save transmission power and simplicity we use binary level at the expense of bandwidth. c) Signal to Noise Ratio : The performance of the system is defined by signal power to noise power ratio. Let So is the signal output power and No is the noise output power then So/No, is known as signal to noise ratio.The greater the signal power less the noise power affects and systems performance is better and vice versa.

Self Satisfaction Essay -- essays research papers

In the past sixteen years I have faced various challenges that have molded my personality to as it is today. I went through a very tough stage in my social life when I was in grade seven and eight at the age of twelve and thirteen. I had a group of five friends outside of school, we were always together and they were all very close to my heart. It came to the point where three of the girls decided that they did not want to associate with one other, and I was forced to choose between the three of them and the other girl. It was a feeling of indescribable disbelief and I did not know what to do. This one incident was a challenge that I had to overcome.It all happened so quickly. One minute she was our dear friend and the next minute everyone was yelling at her. At first I stood there and ...

Research Study Proposal: Obesity in school-age Essay

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2015), Obesity in school-age children has increased over the past thirty years to the amount of doubling in some and even quadrupling in others. CDC statistics showed in 2012, at least one-third of the school children were large or obese. Childhood obesity continues to be a growing problem in the United States. School lunches play a significant role in the obesity issues facing children today. The school menus of today contain too many calories from simple carbohydrates and fat. Starchy vegetables instead of green leafy vegetables are served along with food containing sodium levels higher than needed for one’s daily intake. Childhood obesity can lead to health issues if action is not taken rapidly. This paper will provide a brief summary of the issues of childhood obesity and focus on the role the school lunch meals play on this growing crisis. Obesity is defined by the CDC (2015) as an individual that has extra body fat in relationship to one’s height. An easier way to understand obesity is the individual is taking in more calories than is being used. The health effects of childhood obesity have both short-term or immediate and long-term health effects. Health issues obtained later in life are believed to be linked to childhood obesity. Obese children have a greater chance of growing up to become adults with health issues such as heart disease, hypertension, high cholesterol and strokes. Additionally, these individuals are predisposed to diabetes type 2 and many forms of cancer. Prevention of obesity in children diabetes is the best solution to the problem. â€Å"The U.S. Surgeon General has identified the obesity epidemic as one of the greatest health problems facing the nation today† (National Association of State Boards of Education, 2004, para 2). In 2010, the â€Å"Let’s Move† campaign was implemented encouraging children to get up and move around, or exercise and school lunches were to become healthier. Michelle  Obama was quoted in an article called, First Lady Michelle Obama: Quotes on Child Obesity and Health â€Å"†¦ Over the past five years, we have truly changed the culture around healthy eating and living in this country† (Holecko, 2015, para 4).Childhood obesity remains an epidemic health issue; the school lunches remain an issue to be researched. Reference Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2015). Childhood obesity facts. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/obesity/facts.htm Holecko, C., (2015). First Lady Michelle Obama: Quotes on Child Obesity and Health . Retrieved from http://familyfitness.about.com/ od/childhoodobesity /a/michelle_obama_obesity.htm National Association of State Boards of Education, (2004). The role of schools in preventing childhood obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/ pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf

McDonalds Analysis Essays

McDonalds Analysis Essays McDonalds Analysis Essay McDonalds Analysis Essay Using SWOT, PEST, five forces and the Porters Value Chain, I will assess The McDonald Fast food Chain Organisation. The analysis is a way to take the temperature of the business and its market place. It will prompt ideas for improvements to a way the challenges are met. With more than 30,000 restaurants in over 100 countries, 80 % of them franchisees. It feeds some 47 millions clients every day but still serves less than one percent of the worlds population. How does it do this? It lies in its strengths: McDonalds distributors are strategically to be accessible to the each restaurant and carry practically everything, from meat to lightbulbs. From the Classical menu to the new: Newproducts have been introduced as the tastes of the market. Alongside the Big Macs and Chicken McNuggets, there is a New Tastes Menu offering new McTreats. Theres lows include the popular Teriyaki Burger in Japan and vegetable Nuggets in India. Customers come to McDonalds for signature products they cant find anywhere else. In addition many families visit the restaurants because of their unique ability to put smiles on their childrens faces. Happy meal combine wholesome food whit a toy; Its value lies in major sponserships from Olympics to Justin Timerlake the singer. Whats are their weakness you say: Its confronting a supersized problem. As fat-fearing nations turn to healthier food and consumer choice expands, the burger market is shrinking fast. The figures tell their own story. Last year McDonalds recorded its first ever loss $343m in the last quarter. The results for the first quarter of this year are worse. In Europe, sales plunged 3. 8 per cent in January McDonalds is shutting 517 underperforming restaurants and pulling out of three countries altogether. The economy is partly blame for this, wars and political disagreements affecting chains(France). But the threat comes from rivals-KFC, Burger king to name a few Its war on the prices as demands are increasing. To name a few Opportunities, McDonalds is shifting the focus to the product. The new ads are all about saying here is some healthy food you will enjoy. The message is that fast food need not be bad food. It is improving though A Nutrition Facts leaflet is proudly displayed at the entrance to help you balance your McDonalds meal: They know people think about their health, so now we have healthy food. As customers change, McDonalds changes by quietly buying up chains that already have a reputation for serving high quality food. nvesting in quality restaurants, mid range restaurants to combat the threats feature(five forces) that do not bear their name, like Boston Market, Chipotle Griland . The Threats: Subway, the sandwich maker is the largest fast food chain in the US. Fat people suing burger bars. Lawyers point out that obesity is now Americas number one killer. Eric Schlosser, whose bestselling book tarnished McDonalds image by criticising on fast food and its effect on diet, health. He made revelations that the beef in fast food burgers can contain meat from up to 100 different animals. Leaves a foul taste in the mouth doesnt it. However, surprisingly, Schlosser believes the firm is heading in the right direction On the whole customer loyalty is still very much there. Despite its problems it still serves 46 million people a day in 30,000 restaurants in 125 countries. But one thing is certain. If the burger n fries chain has a future, it wont be burgers n fries. For Mcdonalds to develop further it needs to invest (RD) in the research of low fat foods. Keep out of countries that dislike USA. It needs to focus more on the countries where it makes substantial profit like the USA and Europe. But most of all it needs to put money in the work force. It needs to go back in advertising and market the good foods they have and will have. Its been a while since I have seen an advert on TV or a Billboard. It is time to comeback. It needs educators specialising in Nutrition, to spread the news about the health foods they are starting to provide. They need to help the environment to tarnish up their image and to show what measures they are going to, to satisfy more concious and a healthy customer. On top of all this, it still needs to be darn cheap.

The History of Laptop Computers

The History of Laptop Computers It is a little hard to determine which was the first portable or laptop computer since the earliest portable computers to arrive did not look anything like the book-sized folding laptops that we are familiar with today. However, they were both portable and can sit on a persons lap and did eventually lead to the development of notebook style laptops.   With that in mind, I have outlined several potential firsts below and how each might qualify for the honor. Many of the off-site links provided below include excellent photos of the computers so that you should be able to see the progression in design.   The First Laptop The Grid Compass was designed in 1979 by a Briton named William Moggridge for Grid Systems Corporation. It was one-fifth the weight of any model equivalent in performance and was used by NASA as part of the space shuttle program in the early 1980s. As far as technical specs, it featured a 340K byte bubble memory laptop computer system with a die-cast magnesium case and folding electroluminescent graphics display screen. Gavilan Computer Manny Fernandez had the idea for a well-designed laptop for executives who were just starting to use a computer. Fernandez, who started Gavilan Computer, promoted his machines as the first laptop computers in May 1983. Many historians have credited the Gavilan as the first fully functional laptop computer. The First True Laptop Computer The Osborne 1. Tomislav Medak/Flickr/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 3.0   The computer considered by most historians to be the first truly portable computer was the Osborne 1. Adam Osborne, an ex-book publisher was the founder of Osborne Computer Corp, which produced the Osborne 1 in 1981. It was a portable computer that weighed 24 pounds and cost $1795. For that, users got a five-inch screen, modem port, two 5 1/4 floppy drives, a large collection of bundled software programs and a battery pack. Unfortunately, the short-lived computer company was never successful.   And The Rest is History Also released in 1981 was the Epson HX-20, a battery powered portable computer with a 20-character by 4 line LCD display and a built-in printer.In January of 1982, Microsofts Kazuhiko Nishi and Bill Gates begin discussions on designing a portable computer that featured a new liquid crystal display or LCD screen. Kazuhiko Nishi later showed the prototype to Radio Shack and the retailer agreed to manufacture the computer.In 1983, Radio Shack released the TRS-80 Model 100, a 4-pound battery-operated portable computer with a design that was flat and looked more like modern laptops of today.In 1984, IBM announced the IBM 5155 Portable Personal Computer.In 1986, Radio Shack released the new, improved and smaller TRS Model 200.In 1988, Compaq Computer introduced its first laptop PC with VGA graphics, the Compaq SLT/286.In 1989, the release of the NEC UltraLite was considered by some to be the first notebook style computer. It was a laptop size computer that weighed under 5-pounds.In Septemb er of 1989, Apple Computer released the first Macintosh Portable that later evolved into the Powerbook.   In 1989, Zenith Data Systems released the Zenith MinisPort, a 6-pound laptop computer.  In October of 1989, Compaq Computer released its first notebook PC, the Compaq LTE.In March of 1991, Microsoft released the Microsoft BallPoint Mouse, which used both mouse and trackball technology in a pointing device designed for laptop computers.In October of 1991, Apple Computers released the Macintosh PowerBook 100, 140 and 170 - all notebook style laptops.In October of 1992, IBM released its ThinkPad 700 laptop computer.In 1992, Intel and Microsoft release APM or the Advanced Power Management specification for laptop computers.In 1993, the first PDAs or Personal Digital Assistants were released. PDAs are pen-based hand-held computers.

Earth's atmosphere, Clouds, and Air pressure and Wind Assignment

Earth's atmosphere, Clouds, and Air pressure and Wind - Assignment Example It keeps the temperature balanced within 24 hours as well. At different temperatures, the atmosphere is further subdivided into layers beginning from the Earth’s surface where troposphere lies between 7 to 14 kms followed by the stratosphere reaching the 50-km altitude. This layer is conducive for airplanes due to stability and with increasing temperature, only minimal amount of water vapor and other components may be detected. On top of the stratosphere is the mesosphere about 30 km in thickness which, due to unstable winds and temperature, experiences a certain degree of coldness. Within 80 to 85 kms from the ground begins the region of the thermosphere that spans a width of about 560 km or greater where it is possible for radio waves to be reflected during communication via radio system. Types of Clouds Clouds are generated every time the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor to the point they are unable to contain it in excess that phase change from vapor to liquid for water necessarily takes place during condensation stage of the water cycle. These clouds are massive by several millions of tons in weight and are classified based upon their physical appearance and altitudes. On the basis of the way they look in the sky, stratus clouds refer to the type which may be seen as flat sheets among low to high-level clouds. Another type under this classification are the cumulus clouds which are puffy, lumpy, or wavy and when enormous in size could form into towering vertical clouds with a potential to generate thunderstorm. Cirrus clouds, the third type, are known to be high and thin and cold at high levels, being made of ice crystals rather than water droplets. With reference to how high they could get from the ground level, clouds come in five types namely – high-level clouds, medium-level clouds, low-level clouds, moderate-vertical clouds, and towering-vertical clouds. It is quite interesting to find out that heavy rain, snow showers, and s now can be created with both the towering-vertical clouds and the moderate-vertical clouds. Air Pressure and Wind Systems When air exerts force on a particular area of the Earth’s surface due to the air’s weight then an atmospheric pressure emerges. This pressure increases as the layer of air becomes thick and this occurs at low altitudes whereas high places encounter low atmospheric pressure for having thin air around. A mercury barometer is the device used to measure air pressure in inches or millimeters. Wind, compared to still air, is identified with gases in motion and in our living planet, the mere flow of air is called wind. A ‘solar wind’, however, is caused by the flow of gases or particles from the sun in the outer space. Winds go by different names depending on their speeds and how long they stay on a particular spot. Gusts, for instance, are known as short bursts of fast winds, breeze for the light ones, whereas squalls are those with great str ength that last in a minute. Typhoon, hurricanes, storms, tornadoes, and cyclones are some other names given according to the wind’s nature of existence and they normally take place with high pressure differences beyond 200 miles per hour. Either hot rising air with low pressure or cool dropping air with high pressure

The Project of Maple Leaf Shoes Ltd-Job Case Study - 14

The Project of Maple Leaf Shoes Ltd-Job - Case Study Example Additionally, his approach to the project also appears focused and effective since he appears to be operating on the assumption that a human resource department must be able to satisfy the needs of its clients, including employees and managers. Â  Although Lance approach had quite a number of strengths, his approach to the project appears to have had more methodological and theoretical flaws than strengths. The first major weakness in his approach is evident in the question checklist, which was very short. Accordingly, the question checklist could not give a comprehensive insight into the functions of the human resource. The second major weakness in his approach was that he failed to follow all the job analysis procedures. The third weakness was that the response was received from only three out of the five managers, which was a fundamental flaw. In fact, the interview that Lance conducted with Clark was of no use taking into consideration the fact that it was marred by interruptions. Another weakness in the Lance approach to the project was that Lance failed to meet with the unions, subordinates, and other employees who work at other locations far from the head office. Conventionally, it would have been appropriate that L ance meet all the stakeholders who play a critical part in ensuring the effectiveness of the human resource management. Â  Another major weakness in Lance’s approach also became clear after conducting the three interviews. According to the case, it is clear that Lance had no idea of job roles, the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of HR department functions, as well as a performance standard, after conducting three interviews. Certainly, this was a major weakness as conventionally people would expect him to be highly knowledgeable about these issues at the end of the third interview.